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Spanish naming customs are historical traditions for naming children practised in Spain. They are similar to those in other Spanish-speaking countries or former Spanish territories, such as Equatorial Guinea, Philippines, Mexico, and Puerto Rico. In Spain, a person's name consists of a given name (simple or composite) followed by two family names (surnames). The first surname is usually the father's first surname, and the second the mother's first surname. In recent years, the order of the surnames can be reversed at birth if it is so decided by the parents. Often, the practice is to use one given name and the first surname only, the full name being used in legal, formal, and documentary matters. For differences in Hispanic American usages, see Hispanic American naming customs. ==Naming system in Spain== Currently in Spain, people bear a single or composite given name (''nombre'') and two surnames (''apellidos''). A composite given name comprises two (not more) single names; for example ''Juan Pablo'' is considered not to be a first and a second forename, but a single composite forename. Traditionally, a person's first surname is the father's first surname (''apellido paterno''), and the second one is the mother's first surname (''apellido materno''). However, gender equality law has allowed surname transposition since 1999, subject to the condition that every sibling must bear the same surname order recorded in the ''Registro Civil'' (civil registry), but there have been legal exceptions. From 2013, if the parents of a child are unable to agree on order of surnames, an official decides which is to come first.〔(Official determines order of surnames in case of dispute ) 〕 For example, if a man named ''Eduardo Fernández Garrido'' marries a woman named ''María Dolores Martínez Ruiz'' and they have a child named ''José'', there are several legal options, but their child would most usually be known as ''José Fernández Martínez''. Each surname can also be composite, the parts usually linked by the conjunction ''y'' or ''e'' (and), by the preposition ''de'' (of) or by a hyphen. For example, a person's name might be Juan Pablo Fernández de Calderón García-Iglesias (John Paul Fernandez of Calderon Garcia-Iglesias), consisting of a forename (Juan Pablo), a paternal surname (Fernández de Calderón) and a maternal surname (García-Iglesias). There are times when it is impossible, by inspection of a name, to correctly analyse it. For example, the writer Sebastián Juan Arbó was alphabetised by the Library of Congress for many years under "Arbó", assuming that Sebastián and Juan were both given names. However, "Juan" was actually his first surname. To resolve questions like this, which typically involve very common names ("Juan" is rarely a surname), one must consult the person involved, or legal documents. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spanish naming customs」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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